1. It reduces blood pressure and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. 2. Peripheral resistance is determined by functional and anatomic changes in small arteries and arterioles.3. Many mechanisms have been proposed to account for the rise in peripheral resistance in hypertension. 4. Exposure to vascular hypertrophy, leading to progressive increases in peripheral resistance and blood pressure. 5. The drug acts on the renin-angiotensin system to decrease total peripheral resistance in two ways. 6. Nitric oxide reduces both total peripheral resistance and venous return, thus decreasing both preload and afterload. 7. This relaxation will decrease total peripheral resistance , which will in turn decrease venous return to the heart. 8. This will result in a decrease in total peripheral resistance and a decrease in preload on the heart. 9. Its actions are to increase peripheral resistance via end-tidal CO 2 or E T CO 2 levels. 10. Vasodilation directly affects the relationship between mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance ( TPR ).
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